Blowing-engine



4 Sheets Sheet 1.

(No Model) P. L.v WBIMER.

BLOWING ENGNE.

A.. R E M TI. E W L. R

BLOWING ENGINE.

Patented De. 30, 1884.

4 Sheets-Sheet 8.

P. L.' WEIMER.

(No Model.)

BLOWING ENGINE.

Patented Deo. 30. 1884.

4 Sheets Sheet 4.

Patented Dee. 30, 1884.

P. L. WE'IMBR.

BLoWINe ENGINE.

(No Model.)

PATENT Trice..

PETER L. VEIMER, OF LEBANON, PENNSYLVANIA.

BLOVVING-ENGIN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,904, dated December30, 18784.

(No model.)

To all whom, it may concern Be it known that I, PETER L. XTEIMER, ofLebanon, in the county of Lebanon and State of Pennsylvania7 haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Blowing-Engines; and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in blowing-engines, the objectofthe same being to provide a reciprocating blowing-engine that can berun under high pressure at a high rate of speed without danger ofbreaking the valves or rendering them inoperative. Y object is toprovide improved admission and discharge valves;l and with these ends inview my invention consists in the parts and combinations of parts, aswill be more fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying,drawings, Figure l is a view inlongitudinal sectionof my improved cylinder. Fig. 2 is a plan view ot' the same. Fig. 3 is aviewin section of one of the receiving-valves. Fig. et is a view of oneof the discharging-valves, and Figs. 5 and 6 are moditied forms of thedischarging-valves.

A represents a cylinder otany desired size, the heads B of which arecast with the double circumferential walls C and D, sufficient space,lhowever, being vleft between the walls for the entrance of the ends ofthe piston, which ends are adapted to snugly iit within the annularspaces thus formed, and consequently discharge almost the entirequantity of the air at each stroke without leaving comparatively anydead-air space. This form of cylinderhead also accommodates a very widesurface of piston, and at the same time provides for ample area of bothinlet and outlet air-valves. The inner cylinder-head is providedcentrally with awalled opening, yin which the stuffingbox Eis situated.The heads and the wall C thereof are provided, at suitable intervalsapart throughout their entire surfaces, with theinlet-valvesK,whichlatter arescrew'eddrectly into said heads and walls,and are of such size and placed sufficiently close together to obtain avery large aggregate area of opening for the A further.

admission of air, and thus permit the cylinder to fill instantly whenthe engine is working at its highest speed. The walls C inclineoutwardly, and the walls D, which are also formed integral with thehead, are situated` practically at right angles to saidhead. These wallsD of the heads are each provided at their inner ends with the smallannular fianges @,which latter rest on the annular flanges d of thecylinder A. The cylinder-heads E are also provided with' theoutwardly-extending flanges F, between which and the flanges d of thecylinder A the short cylinders or rings H are bolted, forming annularspaces G, into which the air is forced from the cylinder A. These,cylinders H are provided at suitable intervals apart with openingsclosed by the plates e, which latter are removable for the purpose ot'enabling the valves secured in the walls D to .be removed whennecessary. These cylinders are further provided with the tiangedopenings l-I, to the flanges oi` which are secured the opposite endsofthe pipe I, provided centrally with the discharge-opening I', throughwhich all the air drawn into the cylinder A escapes. Thus it will beseen that when the machine is in operation the air is forced tirst intoone of the annular chambers, and from thence out through the pipes I andI', by which latter it is conveyed to the furnace or any other suitablepoint.

Surrounding the cylinder A and secured to the anges d is secured thejacket J, forming a water-space. This jacket is provided with one ormore linlet and outlet pipes, (not shown in the drawings) so that aconstant stream of cold water can circulate around the cylinder for thepurpose of preventing, the latter from becoming overheated. The heads Band their walls C are provided, at suitable intervals apart throughouttheir entire surfaces, with the inletyalves II, which latter are screweddirectly into the heads 'and walls, and the wall D is provided with theoutlet-valves K', the construction of which will be referred to furtheron. The piston L is provided centrallyl with the wood packing L, heldagainst the cylinder A by springs L, to enable it to compensate for anywear. This wood packing is provided at sui table i ntervals apart withsmall lOO holes or cells, which latter are filled with oil and plumbago.This piston is constructed with a very broad bearing-surface to reducethe wear, and the portions thereof on opposite sides ofthe wood packingare provided with grooves, which are also filled with a mixture of oiland plumbago. This compound of oil and plumbago hardens and serves as alubricant, thereby .dispensing with the necessity of employing any otherlubricant. The piston is operated by the rod M, the outer end of whichis connected to a crank-shaft or to the piston of a steam-cylinder. Vhenthe piston is moved in either direction, the air is drawn into theinterior of the cylinder alternately through the inlet-valves of theopposite heads. At the completion of a stroke the inlet-valves of onehead close by the pressure of air thereagainst and prevent the escape ofair, andthe outlet-valves on the same side of the piston open and allowthe air as the piston advances to escape from the cylinder into one ofthe annular-chambers. By this arrangement of inlet-valves I secure avery large area for the admission of air, which enables the blower torun at a very high piston-speed, and by the arrangement ofdischarge-valves secure ample discharge-area, which enables it todischarge at a correspondingly high rate of pisv tn-speed. The outercylinder-head is provided centrally with an opening, in which the box Nis secured. This box is secured to the annular wall surrounding theopening by screws g, and is provided on its inner face with an angularrecess or chamber of a shape and size corresponding to the nut O, whichlatter holds the piston on the piston-rod. The nut enters this cavity ateach stroke, andwhen it is desired to tighten up or test the tightnessof the nut O the engine is placed on its top center and the screwsholding the box N removed. The box is then turned, and the nut which isresting within the box turns with it. Suitable openings, g, are cast orformed in the periphery of the box N, for the reception of a wrench orbar, by means of which the box is rotated. These openings can be formedon the outer end of the box, or the outer end of thel box can have anangular recess for the reception of the wrench.

The valves K and Ii (shown in Figs. 3, l-, 5, and 6) are each composedof an outer casing, P, centrally screw-threaded, or provided with acentral rib, f, and screw-threads on one or both sides of the rib. W'henscrew-threads are employed on both sides of the rib, the

- valve-case on one side of the rib only. The

casing P is bored out to receive the valve-stem y', which in turn istrued, so as to snugly it withinthecaslngl. ThiscasingIisprovided withan` annular shoulder, z', on which the spiral spring t" rests. v Thisspring encircles, the hollow cylindrical valve-stem g', and is re- Y ofthe valve to a minimum.

v and a large valve-stem.

tained within the space formed by the shoulder' t' of the casing and theshoulder 1l of the valve-stem. This stem, as before stated, is hollow,and fits snugly within the casing, and is provided centrally with thehollow hub j. through which the bolt j passes. This bolt/i is providedwith a head, and is adapted to clamp the valve-platey2 to the outerenlarged end of the hub j, and also hold the valve within the casing.

In the valve K in Fig. 6, which represents a modified form ofoutlet-valve, a leather wash er is shown interposed between thevalve-plate 72 and the hub. This washer is adapted to bear against theadjacent end of the casing and form an air-tight joint. In the valves Kthe platej2 has an extended bearing-surface on the casing, while thevalves K are provided with knife-edge bearings. The object ofconstructing the outlet-valves with knife-edge seats is to decrease theexcess of pressure on the back In heavy-pressure blowing, the excess ofarea of the back of the valve to the area under the valve is so great asto cause a serious loss of power, and to obviate this I form the valvewith a knil'cedge, as shown in Fig. 4, which rests on the valve-seat, orI construct the casing with a knife-edge, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

In Fig. 5 the end ofthe casing is formed into a knife-edge, which latterbears directly against the brass or other suitable plate, jg, while inFig. 6 a leather washer is interposed between the enlarged end of thehub and the plate j. Either of these forms reduces the excess otpressure on the back of the valve by increasing the area of the underside thereof. I prefer to make the valve with aknife-edge to rest on aflat seat, as shown in Fig. 4. This seat can be faced with leather orgum, or it may be a plain metallic surface, as shown. By thisarrangement of valves and valve-casing I provide ample room fora largespiral spring, the function of which is to rapidly close the valve.

In valves of this kind the closing-spring isl usually small in diameter,and is wound around a small central stem, which also forms thevalve-guide; but this is objectionable, in that both spring and guide,being of small size,

4wear very rapidly and soon require renewal,

which I obviate by using alargc spiral spring This construction ol"valve and my manner oi' arranging them in the heads and walls alsoenable me to employ a comparatively large number of valves with verylittle lost or dead-air space between the piston and cylinder heads.'

Vhen the machine is in operation, the inlet-valves on one side of thepiston and the outlet-valves on the opposite opensimultaneously.Suppose, for the sake of illustration, that the piston is moving towardthe outer end of the cylinder, then the inlet-valvespon the outer headwould be closed and the outletvalves K open for the escape of the airfrom the cylinder. The inlet-valves on the lower or inner end ot' thecylinder would also be I OO IIO

open and the discharge-valves closed. As soon as the piston reaches theend of its stroke and begins to return, the valves that were closedopen, and vice versa, and so on continuously.

I make no claim in this application to the peculiar construction ofvalves shown and described, nor to the peculiar manner described forpacking and lubricating the piston, as the former is claimed in mypending application numbered 127 ,346, filed April 10, 1884, andthelatter claimed in my Patent No. 301,541.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a blowing-engine, the combination, with a cylinder provided at itsends with' annular heads for a surrounding water-jacket, ofcylinder-l1eads,each provided with au annular air-space, the inner wallof which is furnished with independent discharge-valves, the centralportion of the cylinder-head extending inwardly and provided withindependent airinlet valves, and a pipe connecting the annularairchambers at the opposite ends of the cylinder, substantially as setforth.

2. In a blowing-engine, the combination, with a cylinder provided at itsends with annular heads for a surrounding water-jacket, Aof,cylinder-heads, each provided with two in- 3o wardly-projecting flangesthat fit on the annular heads of the cylinder and form an annular airchamber or space, the inner flange of the head being provided withindependent valves, and the outer flange perforated and provided with aremovable ring, substantially as set forth.

3. In a blowing-engine, the combination. with a cylinder and acylinder-head provided with a converging annular space in line with theinterior of the cylinder, independent inlet-valves located in the innerwall of said space, and independent outlet-valves located in the outerwall of said space, of a piston constructed with tapering extensionsadapted to enter the converging annular spaces, substantially as setforth.

v4. In a blowing-engine, the combination, with a piston-rod and nut forretaining the piston in place, of a cylinder-head constructed with acentral opening, a box fitted Within said opening and made iiush withthe interior1 surface of the head, said box constructed to receive thenut and to be rotated to turn the nut, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

PETER L. VEIMER.

Vitnesses:

JOHN A. WEIMER, ELMER E. RANCH.

